IJografi isebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze imephu kuxhomekeke kulwazi ofuna ukubonisa. Ekuphela kwento abanayo ngokufanayo kukunyuka kwekhampasi- ebonisa apho emantla, emazantsi, empuma nasentshona- kunye nesikali ukuze uqikelele umgama.
Imephu yemozulu: Inika ulwazi ngokubanzi malunga nemozulu kunye nemvula (imvula nekhephu) yommandla. Abazobi beemephu basebenzisa imibala ukwahlula phakathi kwemimandla yemozulu eyahlukeneyo kunye nemvula.
Imephu yezoqoqosho: Kule meko, ulwazi abalunikezelayo lunxulumene nohlobo lwezixhobo zendalo okanye umsebenzi ophambili wezoqoqosho kwindawo enikiweyo. Abazobi beemaphu basebenzisa iisimboli ukuze babone indawo ezifumaneka kuyo. Umzekelo, kwimephu yezoqoqosho e-United States, iiorenji ziya kuvela kwiphondo laseFlorida, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba esi siqhamo silinywe apho.
Imephu yendawo: Kolu hlobo lweemephu luluxanduva lokubonisa imeko yommandla, njengeentaba, imilambo okanye amachibi. Imibala inceda zombini ukwahlulahlula amanzi emhlabeni kunye nokubonisa ukuphakama komhlaba. Oluhlaza kubonisa ukuphakama okuphantsi, ngelixa iorenji kunye nomdaka zisetyenziselwa indawo eziphakamileyo.
Imephu yezopolitiko: Enye yezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Babonisa imida phakathi kwamazwe, amazwe okanye izixeko. Umzekelo, kwimephu yezopolitiko yaseYurophu onke amazwe eli lizwekazi amelwe, kunye nekomkhulu ledolophu nganye ephawulwe ngenkwenkwezi.
Imephu yendlela: Iingxelo ezindleleni, kwizikhululo zeenqwelo moya, kwiitreyini, ezixekweni nakwezinye iindawo ezinomdla kwindawo enikiweyo. Injongo yayo kukubonelela yonke into eyimfuneko ukuze abantu bacwangcise indlela okanye bazi ukuba bakuphi ngokubhekisele kwelinye inqaku.
Imephu yendawo: Ngumfanekiso woncedo kumphezulu womhlaba wommandla omiselweyo. Imigca esondelelene kakhulu ibonisa indawo engumnqantsa, ngelixa ikude kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba indawo leyo ithe tyaba.