Los imilambo Yimisinga yamanzi eqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo, isondla iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana, zasemanzini nasemhlabeni, kunye nezityalo. Zibaluleke kakhulu kumahlathi, emahlathini nakumahlathi, kuba ngaphandle kwazo izidalwa eziphilayo zinokuba nobunzima bokuqhubela phambili kwaye zisinde.
Ehlabathini kukho amawaka abo, kodwa Ngaba uyazi ukuba ngowuphi owona mlambo mde emhlabeni? Kude kube ngu-2008 bekungacaci ukuba ngubani na ophezulu kolu luhlu lunomdla.
Nguwuphi owona mlambo mde emhlabeni: umNayile okanye iAmazon?
EAfrika sifumana umlambo UmNayile, ibaluleke kakhulu e-Afrika ngakumbi e-Egypt, eTanzania, eSudan nase-Ethiopia, kulapho amanzi ayo ahamba khona. Yayingumlambo owanika ubomi kwenye yezona mpucuko zakudala, eyase-Egypt yakudala, kwaye namhlanje itsala abakhenkethi abaninzi kunye nabathandi bembali yamandulo yelizwe.
Ithululela kuLwandle lweMeditera kwaye inobude be 6756 km, eyoyikekayo. Inyaniso, kude kube ngo-2008 yayigqalwa njengomlambo omde emhlabeni, kodwa ... ngenene?
IAmazon, owona mlambo mde emhlabeni
Kuyinyani ukuba umNayile ubaluleke kakhulu kwaye umde kakhulu umlambo, kodwa eMelika kukho omnye ogqitha kuwo: iAmazon. Inobude be 6992kmUkogqitha umNayile ngeekhilomitha ezingama-236, kodwa kwakutheni ukuze kubekho ukudideka?
Kuyabonakala ukuba, kwakukholelwa ukuba umlambo uvela emantla ePeru endaweni yezantsi, de iqela leenzululwazi lahamba ukuya ePeru. Kuyaziwa ngoku ukuba unxibe isihlanu sawo onke amanzi omlambo emhlabeni, eyenza ingabi kuphela owona mlambo mde, kodwa ikwangowona mkhulu ehlabathini.
IAmazon, ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ngowona mlambo ubalulekileyo emhlabeni, hayi ilize, umthamo wayo wamanzi ufikelela 300000 m3 / sUkunika ubomi kwihlathi elikhulu emhlabeni, elithathwa njengomphunga weplanethi yethu.
Kwinqanaba elibanzi kakhulu linokufikelela Iikhilomitha ezili-11 ububanzi, nangexesha elomileyo. Ngexesha leemvula, indawo enezandyondyo kumazantsi eAmazon inyuka iye kuma-350.000 eekhilomitha.
Icoca isiqingatha sonke esikumantla kwilizwekazi lase Mzantsi Melika (malunga neepesenti ezingama-40 ngokobunzima), kubandakanya nemvula enkulu. Ngesi sizathu, ihlala ithwala isixa esikhulu samanzi. Ngapha koko, umlomo wayo -okukuLwandlekazi lweAtlantic- ubanzi kwaye unzulu kangangokuba Iinqanawa ezinzulu zolwandle zihambe ngenqanawa ngaphakathi kwisibini kwisithathu sobude bomlambo.
Ubomi kuMlambo iAmazon
Ukuba mde kwaye uhlala kwi-ikhweyitha, lo ngumlambo otyisa iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana nezityalo, ezinje:
Zezilwanyana
- IsigcawuTheraphosidae): Imilinganiselo ephakathi kwe-5 kunye ne-7cm, kwaye imnyama okanye imdaka ngombala. Umzimba wayo ukhuselwe ngeenwele. Akuyongozi, kodwa ukuba unwele lungena kwiimbumba zakho unokufumana ukucaphuka.
- Ingelosi yolwandlegymnosomata): sisixhobo solwandle eselubala, ngaphandle kwegobolondo. Xa udada, uhambisa izihlomelo ezifana namaphiko eengelosi, nto leyo eyinika igama.
- Umbane wombane (Umbane umbane): ibizwa ngokuba ibizwa ngokuba inokukhupha umbane ukuya kuthi ga kwi-volts ezingama-600 xa isoyikiswa okanye xa izingela.
- Ingcungcu (I-Trochilinae): Yintaka eqhelekileyo yamahlathi emvula aseMelika. Incinci kakhulu, kangangokuba kunzima ukuba i-2 gram. Itya incindi yeentyatyambo.
- Iblue macawAnodorhynchus ihyacinthinus): Yintaka entle ehlala kumaqela osapho kwaye, xa sele ikhethe iqabane layo, iyigcina ubomi bayo bonke. Itya iziqhamo kunye nembewu.
- Ibhabhathane (UCaligo): lelinye lawona mabhabhathane makhulu. Inkunzi inobunzima obuphakathi kwe-0,9 kunye ne-1,5kg kunye nebhinqa phakathi kwe-0,8 kunye ne-1kg. Itya ingca, kwaye inokuhlala phakathi kweenyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-2.
- Iitetra (iTetra): Yintlanzi emalunga ne-4,5cm ubude, ibomvu ngombala kunye nomtya wombane oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukusuka entloko ukuya emsileni. Ihlala ngokwamaqela, emanzini adikidiki apho kukho utyani oluninzi.
- IPiracucú (IArapaima): Yeyona ntlanzi inkulu engenamanzi ehlabathini. Inokulinganisa ngaphezu kwe-3m ubude kwaye inobunzima obumalunga nama-250kg. Itya ezinye iintlanzi kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezincinci ngokutsiba emanzini.
Izityalo zasemanzini
Ifern yamanzi (Azolla): Unamagqabi embhoxo ancanyathiselwe kwisiseko. Kwindawo ephezulu yamagqabi ineenwele ezomeleleyo ezilinganisa i-2,5cm. Kubudala bayo, ilinganisa malunga ne-2cm.
- IHyacinth yamanzi (Eichhornia): zingakhula ziye kuma kwi-90cm ubude. Amagqabi ayo aluhlaza ocacileyo kwaye omile okwe setyhula.
- Iletisi yamanziIPistia stratiotes): igqunywe ziinwele ezicocekileyo ngaphezulu nasezantsi ngaphandle kwesityalo. Amagqabi ayo amalunga ne-4cm ubude kwaye adada ngaphezulu phezu komlambo.
- Inyibiba enkulu yamanzi (Eichhornia iicrassipes): Uhlala esiphelweni somlambo. Amagqabi ayo akhula abe yi-90cm ubukhulu, kunye neentsiba zokukhusela emazantsi eephedi zayo ukukhusela iintlanzi.
Kwaye oku sigqibile. Ubusazi ukuba nguwuphi owona mlambo mde emhlabeni?