Ngaphakathi literatura ngeSpanish iyabonakala nakumaxesha ethu njengomnye wababhali abakhulu beSpanish IGarcilaso de la Vega, apho kwakungekho msebenzi uphawuliweyo kuyo yonke iminyaka yobomi bakhe (1498-1536), imibongo yakhe yayiqokelelwe kwaye yapapashwa emva kwethuba kwakuloo nkulungwane ye-XNUMX, ngokwenza njalo kube lula kuthi ukwazi konke ubukhulu beetalente zakhe.
Ngokwembali lweza kuhlala kwixesha apho ubuntu babuzinyanzela njengangoku eya kulawula ubugcisa, yiyo loo nto ubukho bayo kwicandelo loncwadi oluthetha iSpanish kubalulekile ukumela ixesha.
Ngaphakathi komsebenzi wakhe, enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu okanye ubuncinci obukhunjulwayo zezakhe I-Canticle kaSalicio kunye neNemoroso, i-eclogue eyathi ngokuyinxenye yabhekisa kuthando lwakhe olungavumelekanga ngo-Isabel Freire, owathi ekugqibeleni wagqiba ekubeni atshate nomnye umntu, kuba yinto ebuhlungu kuGarcilaso. Ngaphandle kwezinto zakhe zobufundisi sifumana izincoko ze-epistolary kunye nencwadi yengoma kaPetrarchan yee-sonnets ezingama-40 neengoma ezi-5.
Kufuneka sikhankanye ukuba ngo-1605 wapapasha eLisbon a IFlorida yeInca. Le yingxelo yokuphuma koloyiso. Lo mbhalo ukhusela ubunyani bolawulo lobukhosi baseSpain kuloo mimandla ukuze babangenise kulawulo lwamaKristu.
Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo owona msebenzi wakhe waziwayo ngu Amagqabantshintshi okwenyani, owapapashwa ngo-1609. Umsebenzi wawubhalwe kwasebuntwaneni nasekukhumbuleni kwakhe ulutsha ngabantu abadumileyo baseViceroyalty yasePeru.
Emva koko siza kubona eminye imizekelo yefayile ye- isebenza nguGarcilaso de la Vega ngeenkcukacha ezithe kratya:
Ileta enikezelwe eBoscán
Akuthandabuzeki UJuan Boscán wayengomnye wabantu abasisiseko kubomi bukaGarcilaso de la Vega. Wayeyindoda ehloniphekileyo kwaye abo babini badibana ngonyaka we-1519, ukusuka apha baya kuba ngabahlobo abasenyongweni. Ke incwadi ye-satirical enikezelwe eBoscán yenye yezona ndawo ziphambili zomsebenzi wakhe. Kwaqala ukubonwa kushicilelo e 'Las Obras de Boscán'. Injongo yale leta kukunika iingcebiso kumhlobo wakho ukuba aphile ngobulumko kwaye ahlukane nazo zonke izinto ezimbi.
Elegies
Ngaphakathi kwimibongo yeengoma sifumana uhlobo oluthile lwegama, elegy. Singatsho, ngokubanzi, ukuba ngumbongo wokulila malunga nesihloko esithile. Ewe, uGarcilaso de la Vega wabhala ezimbini.
- Ukusweleka kukaDon Bernaldino ': Yanikezelwa kunyana weDuke waseAlba, owayefele emfazweni. Kubhalwe kathathu, apho unokubona ukuba ithatha indawo yeenjongo zonqulo kunye neyona mbono ikrakra, itshintshelwa komnye obaluleke ngakumbi apho kuvela khona iinkcukacha zobuhedeni.
- 'Elegy II, Elegy ukuya eBoscán': Wayibhala kwiinyanga nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba afe. Ke ligubungela ixesha lakhe lokukhula kuncwadi. Kuyabonakala ukuba wayethandana nomntu obhinqileyo ongachazwanga, kodwa enamahemuhemu okuba wayevela eNaples. Uxelela umhlobo wakhe uBoscán ukuba ulichitha njani ixesha lakhe eSicily, apho wayekunye nemikhosi yomlawuli.
Imithombo yeendaba
- Ukungena kwe-I: Xa uGarcilaso de la Vega wenza iihambo ezininzi, kolunye lwazo wathandana nenenekazi lasePortugal eligama linguIsabel Freyre. Nangona wayesele enezinye izicwangciso ebomini, ezishiya uGarcilaso eyinkangala. Nangona kunjalo, yayiyile ndlela awayeziva ngayo ngaye kangangokuba wamkhokelela ukuba enze inkwenkwezi kwiingoma zakhe phantsi kwegama elithi 'Celia' kunye no 'Elisa'. Oku kwabhalwa ngokusweleka kukaIsabel Freyre
- Ukungena II: Ngaphandle kokuba yeyesibini, kuthiwa ngokulandelelana kwayo kunokuba yeyokuqala. Apha sibalaselisa 'Ingoma kaSalicio kunye neNemoroso', Ezinikezele kuthando lwakhe olungafunekiyo, u-Isabel.
- I-Eclogue III: Kule meko, lo mbongo unikezelwe kumfazi womhlobo wakhe, uDon Pedro de Toledo. Kwakhona, intlungu yakhe ngokusweleka kukaIsabel ikhoyo ngoku kwaye isekwe kwiintsomi ukubonisa intlungu yayo. Uthetha ngee-nymphs, ngeebhanki zeTagus nangothando olungonwabisiyo.
Iingoma ezintlanu zikaGarcilaso de la Vega
Iingoma ngohlobo lwemibongo zikwakhona ngaphakathi komsebenzi wakhe. Singabonakala ngaphandle: 'Flor de Gnido', 'Ngomsindo omnene', 'Ubungqongqo bezifo zam endizifunayo',
'Ukuziva ulilolo' kunye 'Ewe kwindawo engakwaziyo ukuhlala entlango'.
Iisonethi
En los iisonethi ezibhalwe nguGarcilaso, ungalujonga utshintsho lwesitayile kunye nokukhula kwakhe. Ukuqala ngeyodwa, 'Amor, amor, un boredí ndanxiba' ngokuvuthwa, ayicacisa gca kwisonethi, 'Njenge rose' nakwi 'D'azucena'. Kubonakala ngathi kwiminyaka yakutshanje ingxoxo yakhe ijolise ekonwabeleni ulutsha, kunye nobuhle ukusukela ukuba zi-ephemeral. Ewe kunjalo, le ibrashi nje kuphela, kuba wabhala malunga neesonethi ezingama-38.
Ngokubanzi, kwiindinyana zakhe sinokufumana Imibongo yobomi bobufundisi. Ubume kunye nezinto zelizwe zihlala zikhona. Kanye nokwenziwa komntu kunye neminye imixholo efihliweyo. Ababhali abaninzi bayavuma ukuba umsebenzi kaGarcilaso wahlulwe waba ngamanqanaba amathathu okanye yimizuzu emithathu. Eyokuqala yazo iseSpanish, ngelixa lesibini libonisa Inqanaba lakhe lase-Itali kunye nothando ngoIsabel. Okokugqibela kodwa kungaphelelanga apho, sifumana iklasikhi kunye nenqanaba leNeapolitan apho amabrashi eeklasikhi zakudala zaseLatin nawo akhoyo.