Imbali yokubhala yasePeru ibingayi kuba njalo ngaphandle kwayo UJose Maria Arguedas. Ngaye, sinokuthi wayengomnye wamagama abalulekileyo kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yingxelo yemveli yeLatin America. Ngaphandle kokuba ngumbhali kunye nembongi, kufanelekile ukuba kukhankanywe ukuba wayengumfundisi-ntsapho, kunye nesazi somntu kunye nomguquleli.
Kungenxa yoko le nto imisebenzi kaJosé María Arguedas mininzi kakhulu. Abantu bathetha lonto iquka malunga nemibhalo engama-400 iyonke, ukusuka kwiinoveli kunye namabali amafutshane ukuya kuguqulelo okanye izincoko kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo. Wayefundiswe phakathi kwenkcubeko yasentshona neyesintu, kungoko kungekho mntu unjengaye eyazi kakuhle indlela yokuzibeka ezicathulweni zomthonyama. Uye waziwa kakhulu kulo lonke ixesha lomsebenzi wakhe. Enye yezona zibalaseleyo nguMario Vargas Llosa owanikezela enye yeencwadi zakhe kuye.
Iinoveli eziphambili zikaJosé María Arguedas
- 'Yawar Fiesta': Kwakufuneka sikhankanye inoveli yokuqala. Yapapashwa kwi-1941 kwaye sele ingeyangoku indigenismo. Kubagxeki yenye yeenoveli ezilungileyo zombhali. Kuyo, usixelela malunga nenkunzi yenkomo eyenzeka ngaphakathi kwesakhelo somnyhadala, edolophini kumazantsi enduli ePeru.
- 'Imilambo Enzulu': Ngokukodwa kunjalo Umsebenzi wesithathu wombhali kwaye yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo. Nangona ibhekisa kwimilambo iAndes kunye nobunzulu bayo, ayisiyiyo enye into ngaphandle kokubhekisa ngokucacileyo kwiingcambu zenkcubeko yaseAndes. Kuye, yayiyinyani yokwenene yePeru. ILos Ríos Profundos yapapashwa ngo-1958 kwaye yafumana ibhaso lesizwe lokukhuthaza inkcubeko. Kwiminyaka kamva, le ncwadi yaguqulelwa kwiilwimi ezininzi. Kuyatshiwo ukuba ngale noveli kwaqala into ebizwa ngokuba yi-neo-native native. Ukongeza kuyo yonke le nto, kufanele ukuba ikhankanywe ukuba yayinomxholo wobomi bakhe.
- 'Isithandathu': Le noveli Yapapashwa ngo-1961 kwaye waphumelela iMbasa yeSizwe yokuKhuthaza iNkcubeko. Ngomnye wemisebenzi emifutshane kwaye ubalisa ixesha lombhali entolongweni. Ukuba kufuneka ichazwe, kufuneka kuthiwe ibuthathaka kunye nomsebenzi ofanelekileyo.
- 'Impungutye ngasentla kunye nempungutye ezantsi': Le yinoveli yokugqibela kunye nepapashwe emva kokufa. Ngayo kungene ngaphakathi kwiidayari ezisondele kakhulu malunga nokuba umbhali uthwele ntoni, ngelixa ebhala lo msebenzi. Kubonakala ngathi umbono wokuzibulala wawusele uyinyani.
Iimbali
Ngaphakathi kwengqokelela yamabali, uJosé María Arguedas yapapashwa 'Amanzi' kwi1935. Amabhaso akhawuleza kwaye kwaguqulelwa nakwiilwimi ezininzi. Ngo-1955 ibali laliza kufika 'Ukufa kweArango' owawungumvuzo wokuqala kukhuphiswano lwamabali amafutshane aseLatin American. 'Intlungu engathethekiyo kaRasu Ñiti' Libali elifutshane elapapashwa ngo-1962. Ibekwe kwilali yasePeru, ibe lelinye lamabali aneengxelo ezifumanekayo.
Imibongo yakhe iyasebenza
Kule meko, imisebenzi yesihobe yabhalwa ngesiQuechua. Nangona ixesha elithile kamva baguqulelwa nakwiSpanish. Yayingumbhali ngokwakhe owayiphumezayo. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, kwimibongo kaJosé María Arguedas, siyakufumana iintsomi ezinkulu, kunye neemfuno kunye noqhanqalazo lwentlalo.
- 'Kutata wethu oyilayo uTúpac Amaru'.
- 'Ode kwiJet'
- 'Kubantu abaphakanyisiweyo baseVietnam'.
Isifundo sentsomi kuJosé María Arguedas
Ngo-1938 wabhala isincoko esithi, 'Ingoma yeKechwa'. Ngo-1947 wabona ukukhanya 'Iintsomi zasePeruvia, iintsomi namabali'. Kwelinye icala, ngo-1957 yayiza kufika, 'Ukuvela kwendalo yemveli', owafumana iMbasa yeSizwe yokuKhuthaza iNkcubeko.